Microscopes can magnify tiny objects that can't be seen by human flesh eyes through microscopes, which can expand the vision of human beings and promote the discovery and research of unknown things. Microscopes can be classified into optical microscope and electron microscope. There are many classifications under them. The polarizing microscope we are talking about today belongs to optical microscope. The differences between it and ordinary microscope are summarized in the following sections. 1. The ordinary microscope can observe the image according to the different transmittance of the sample. The principle of polarizing microscope is to use diffraction to observe the structure of the product more precisely. 2. The stage of ordinary microscope can't be rotated, but the stage of polarizing microscope can be rotated. Compared with ordinary microscope, it has a group of polarizing and checking bias. It can change ordinary light into polarized light, so as to identify whether the object is single refraction or birefringence. All birefringent objects must be observed by polarizing microscope, and the base of general crystal must be observed This characteristic is birefringence, so polarizing microscope is widely used in glass, semiconductor, mineral and other fields. 3. The detection method of polarizing microscope is not possessed by ordinary microscope, but also has the skills of ordinary microscope. However, the ordinary microscope with polarizing microscope does not support it. Therefore, the application scope of polarizing microscope is relatively wide, and the operation requirements are relatively high. Of course, the price is higher than that of ordinary microscope. Polarizing microscope can be said to be the greatest invention of mankind in this period. It is the symbol of mankind entering the atomic age and has made great contributions to the research in various fields and the discovery of new species.

Microscope is an optical refraction imaging system composed of two kinds of lens, which can be affected by different magnification after different objective lens is magnified. In general, in the focal length section, the lens closer to the object becomes the objective lens, while the image close to the eye is virtual image. This kind of lens is called objective lens, and the eyepiece and objective lens are the most basic lenses of microscope. With the progress of science and technology, people need to observe the problem more precisely, so the microscope is more and more clear, but its basic optical principle is mainly divided into two aspects First, refraction and refractive index, because light in the same medium, when the density of media is different, it is easy to refract. This is because of the different propagation speed of light in different media. However, when irradiating the transparent object in a non perpendicular way, it will change the direction, so it forms the refraction angle with the normal. Second, the performance of the lens. The lens is the basic component of optics, and the objective lens and eyepiece are all composed of objective lens. At the same time, the lens is also divided into convex lens and concave lens. The main basis of microscope imaging is light. When a beam of parallel light irradiates a point behind the lens, this point is called the focus, and adjusting different focal length according to the focus will get different times However, the image passing through a concave lens is usually an upright virtual image, while a convex lens is an upright real image. And when using the objective lens, we should pay attention to the optical accessories of the lens. Moreover, according to the development of science and technology, there are various kinds of microscopes, such as full-phase microscope, polarizing microscope, reflecting microscope, and so on, and the quantity required is relatively large.

Microscope is no stranger in our daily life. Maybe you are very familiar with its composition, but do you still remember its operation steps? Although we have relevant knowledge introduction in the textbook of junior high school, we can't remember it. Next, let's learn about it together! First, take the mirror and place it When we use the microscope, we must be careful, holding the arm with the right hand, and firmly dragging the base with the left hand. This is only the first step, and care must be taken to avoid damaging the microscope. Then put the microscope on the experimental platform, slightly to the left, and then you can install the eyepiece and objective lens. Second, light At this time, we need to slowly rotate the converter so that the low power objective lens is aligned with the through-hole. One thing to strictly follow the operating procedures of the microscope. At this time, we need to aim the left eye at the eyepiece, and the right eye can be opened. When we have finished observing, we can draw figures on the paper. You can also adjust the mirrors according to the brightness of the field of vision. Third, observation This is a crucial step. Of course, we should make preparations in advance and put the objects to be observed on the stage. Press firmly with the tablet. Then we have to slowly rotate the coarse focusing spiral to gradually lower the lens barrel. This distance depends on the distance between it and the carrier plate. As long as the distance is appropriate, the eye should also look at the objective lens. The next step is similar to this step. The left eye should look at the eyepiece, but it should be noted that it should be rotated in the opposite direction. Out of the focus spiral, let the lens tube slowly rise, appropriate rotation until the object is clear. Then turn the fine focusing spiral, which will make the image more clear. The operation of microscope is actually very simple. As long as you look at the relevant knowledge, follow the above steps can quickly master this skill. It is very helpful for us to learn the operation steps of microscope and do some experiments. At the same time, it is also helpful for us to understand more microorganisms.